PCPD News Issue 31

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PCPD News 私隱專員公署通訊 • Issue no. 31 • 科技新知
Technology Updates
使用航拍機前應考慮的私隱問題
Privacy Implications of the Use of Drones
航拍機（亦稱為無人駕駛飛行儀器）是
由電腦自動控制或由機師遙遠控制飛行
的。公署於 2015 年 3 月發出《閉路電
視監察及使用航拍機指引》，這指引加
入了《2012 年個人資料（私隱）（修訂）
條例》的有關新條文，以取代《閉路電
視監察措施指引》。更重要的是，首次
向航拍機使用者提供指引，呼籲使用者
負起保障私隱的責任。
市民一般較明白閉路電視這類監察工具
對私隱帶來的影響。然而，裝上攝錄鏡
頭的航拍機，可靈活流動、頗長時間停
留在空中，從有利的位置搜集資料，及
覆蓋廣泛的地方，這些獨特的功能對私
隱保障帶來新的挑戰。
有關使用閉路電視的私隱指引，同樣適
用於航拍機的使用。然而，鑑於航拍機
的特點，例如流動性、體積細小、及難
以確認操作者，公署呼籲使用者應採取
創新的措施保障私隱。新指引在這方面
提供了具體的說明。
Drones (or unmanned aircraft systems)
are controlled either autonomously
by computers or by remote pilots. In
March 2015, the PCPD published a
guidance note entitled ‘ Guidance on
CCTV Surveillance and Use of Drones’
(the “Guidance” ), which replaced
“ Guidance on CCTV Sur veillance
Practices”, as it introduces amendments
that take account new provisions in the
Personal Data (Privacy) (Amendment)
Ordinance 2012. More significantly,
i t i nco r po ra t e s new gu i dance on
t h e r e s p o n s i b l e u s e o f d r o n e s .
While the privacy implications of
surveillance tools such as CCTV are fairly
well understood, the PCPD is of the view
that drones fitted with cameras could
add a new dimension to these privacy
concerns by virtue of their unique
attributes. These include their mobility,
as well as ability to stay in the air for a
considerable period of time, gathering
information from different vantage points
over a broad area.
The privacy guidelines for the use of
CCTV apply equally to the use of drones.
However, to address the drones’ special
attributes, such as their mobility, small
size and the difficulty of identifying
the operator, innovative measures
to safeguard privacy are called for.
Specific illustrations of this approach
are provided in the Guidance.
資料來源：公署出版的《閉路電視監察及使用航拍機指引》
Source: Guidance on CCTV Surveillance and Use of Drones published by the PCPD:
1. 飛行路線
Flight path
小心策劃飛行路線，以避開飛近公眾及民居。例如，航拍機應盡可能只在需要監察╱攝錄的範圍附近飛升。
Avoid flying close to other people or their property. Launch drones from a location as close as possible to the
area they need to cover.
2. 攝錄功能及
影像保留
如有意進行攝錄，可預先定下攝錄準則 ( 包括攝錄內容、地點及時間 )，以避免因部分資料可能涉及個人資料而
被視為過度收集。航拍機可能會意外地偏離原有航道而拍攝到一些無必要的情景，因而應制定刪除及保留有關
資料的政策。
Pre-define the recording criteria (what, where and when to record) to avoid the over-collection of information,
some of which may be related to individuals. Drones may go off course by accident and record scenes
unintentionally. Develop a policy to erase irrelevant recordings, as well as a data-retention policy.
3. 保安
Security
如影像以無線傳輸，應考慮進行加密，以免被無關人士截取。如航拍機有攝錄功能，應考慮設定查閱控制，以
防遺失航拍機時，攝錄內容落於他人手中。
If images are transmitted through wireless means, consider using encryption to avoid the adverse consequences
of interception by unrelated parties. If the drone has a recording function, consider access control to prevent the
recording from falling into the wrong hands in the event the drone is accidentally lost.
4. 告示
Notice
跟受航拍機影響的人士建立信任，讓他們清晰了解航拍機的運作。重要的第一步是向他們清楚交代你的目的及
操作詳情，向他們保證你沒有隱瞞，亦不會秘密地監察任何人。然而，這些做法可能並不容易，可能需要有創
意的解決方法，例如：使用閃燈以顯示航拍機正在進行攝錄；利用有關社交媒體，預先宣佈航拍機會覆蓋的地區；
在航拍機貼上公司標誌及聯絡資料；拍攝隊伍亦穿上有公司標誌的衣服；及在航拍機「起飛區」豎立大幅橫額，
提供私隱聲明的資訊及聯絡資料。
Inform those affected by the operation of the drone clearly of your purposes and operation details. This is the
best first step to assuring them that you have nothing to hide and are not covertly monitoring anyone. Innovative
approaches may be called for, such as flashing lights to indicate that the drone is recording; pre-announcing
drone operations in the affected area by social media; putting your corporate logo and contact details on the
drone; having crew members wear the same clothes with your corporate identity on them; and putting up big
banners with privacy notices and contact details at “launch sites”.
Recording and
retention